Generic
Etoposide, Methylprednisolone, Cytarabine and Cisplatin (ESHAP)
(ee-toh-POH-side, MEH-thul-pred-NIH-suh-lone, sy-TAYR-uh-been and sis-PLA-tin)
Brands
Vepesid, Medrol, High-dose Ara-C and Platinol
Additional Resources
This regimen is mostly commonly used for Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma but may be used for other diagnoses.
Our Medication Sheet
Page 1 ESHAP INTRAVENOUS CANCER TREATMENT EDUCATION ESHAP Name of the regimen and cancer drugs Your care team may refer to your treatment as ESHAP. ESHAP consists of 4 different anti-cancer therapies. • E: Etoposide (ee-toh-POH-side): Vepesid • S: Methylprednisolone (MEH-thul-pred-NIH-suh-lone): Medrol, Solu-Medrol • HA: Cytarabine (sy-TAYR-uh-been): High-dose Ara-C, Cytosar-U, Tarabine PFS • P: Cisplatin (sis-PLA-tin): Platinol Common uses This regimen is mostly commonly used for Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma but may be used for other diagnoses. Treatment schedule Your treatment will be given into your vein through an intravenous (IV) line. This may be into a short, flexible temporary catheter in your arm, or through a central venous catheter. A central venous catheter, or central line is a long, flexible IV tube that empties into a very large vein next to the heart. Talk with your care team to see which will be best for you and your treatment. Each ESHAP treatment is repeated every 21 or 28 days. This is known as one cycle. Your treatment may be given for a set number of cycles, or it will keep going until the drug, or drugs, stop working or you have side effects which stop you from continuing treatment. o Etoposide IV given on Days 1-4 o Methylprednisolone IV given on Days 1-5 o Cytarabine IV given on Day 5 o Cisplatin IV continuously given on Days 1-4 Drug Cycle 1 Day 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 ... 21 Cycle 2 Day 1 Etoposide Methylprednisolone Cytarabine Cisplatin Page 2 ESHAP INTRAVENOUS CANCER TREATMENT EDUCATION Other medications Other medications may be ordered for you to prevent or treat certain side effects. These include: Instructions: Growth Factors Growth factors, like filgrastim, pegfilgrastim, and others, are medications used to treat neutropenia and prevent infections. Neutropenia is a condition where there are lower-than-normal white blood cells caused by some type of chemotherapy. Growth factors help the bone marrow to make more white blood cells. Anti-nausea medication other medications You will receive medications to prevent nausea and other side effects just before your chemotherapy. You may get prescriptions for other medications to take at home, as below: Infection prevention There is a risk of serious infections during treatment. You may receive medications to prevent infection in the hospital, and may also get prescriptions for medications to take at home for infection prevention, as below: Eye drops You will receive eye drops to prevent eye problems from your cancer treatment starting prior to therapy. Eye drops may be given continuously during the treatment cycle or continued only for several days after. In addition to eye drops, you may be required to see an eye doctor prior to each dose of treatment. Use eye drops as directed below Possible drug interactions o ESHAP may interact with other drugs you are taking. Please inform your care providers of all prescription medicine, overthe-counter medications, vitamins, and herbal products that you take. o Talk with your care provider or pharmacist before taking new medications, supplements, or receiving any vaccines. o Grapefruit or grapefruit juice may interact with ESHAP. Avoid eating or drinking these during your treatment. Page 3 ESHAP INTRAVENOUS CANCER TREATMENT EDUCATION Common Side Effects Common side effects that have been known to happen in patients receiving ESHAP are listed in the left side of this table. In some instances, the side effects may be reported less often but are still important to discuss. This table does not list all the known side effects for this therapy, only the ones that are experienced most often. Not every patient experiences every known side effect of a drug; even if you are taking the same drug as another patient, you may experience different side effects. Options to help manage any side effects that do occur are included on the right side of this table. These should be discussed with your care provider. If you experience any side effect you cannot manage or that is not listed here, contact your care provider. Possible Side Effect Management Decreased white blood cells (WBCs) and increased risk for infection Your WBCs should be monitored by a simple blood test. When your WBCs are low, you are at a greater risk of having an infection. Take the following precautions to protect yourself from infection. • Wash your hands often, especially before eating and after using the bathroom. • Avoid crowds and people with fevers, flu, or other infection. • Bathe often for good personal hygiene. Contact your care team if you experience any signs or symp-toms of an infection such as: • Fever (temperature more than 100.4°F or 38°C) • Chills • Sore throat • Burning when peeing • Tiredness that is worse than normal • A sore that becomes red, is draining, or does not heal. Check with your care team before taking any medicine for a fever or chills. Continued on the next page Page 4 ESHAP INTRAVENOUS CANCER TREATMENT EDUCATION Possible Side Effect Management Decreased platelet count and increased risk of bleeding Your platelets should be monitored by a simple blood test. When they are low, you may bruise or bleed more easily than usual. • Use caution to avoid bruises, cuts, or burns. • Blow your nose gently and do not pick your nose • Brush your teeth gently with a soft toothbrush and maintain good oral hygiene • When shaving use an electric razor instead of razor blades • Use a nail file instead of nail clippers Call your care team if you have bleeding that won’t stop. Examples include: • A bloody nose that bleeds for more than 5 minutes despite pressure • A cut that continues to ooze despite pressure • Gums that bleed a lot when you floss or brush Seek medical help right away if you have any severe headaches, blood in your urine or stool, coughing up blood, or bleeding that you cannot stop or lasts a long time. You may need to take a break or “hold” your medication for medical or dental procedures. Talk to your care team or dentist before any scheduled procedures. Decreased hemoglobin, part of the red blood cells that carry iron and oxygen Your hemoglobin should be checked by a simple blood test. When your hemoglobin is low, you may notice that you get tired or fatigued more easily. • Try to get 7 to 8 hours of sleep per night • Avoid operating heavy machinery if you feel too tired • Find a balance between “work” and “rest” • Stay as active as possible, but know that it is okay to rest as needed, too • You might notice that you are more pale than usual Let your care team know right away if you have: • Shortness of breath • Dizziness • Fast or abnormal heartbeat Continued on the next page Page 5 ESHAP INTRAVENOUS CANCER TREATMENT EDUCATION Possible Side Effect Management Nausea or vomiting • Take all medications as prescribed to help prevent and lessen symptoms of nausea and vomiting • Eat and drink slowly • Drink 8-10 (8-ounce) glasses of water and/or fluid (soup or broth) each day unless your care team has instructed you to limit your fluid intake • Eat small, frequent meals throughout the day rather than a few large meals • Eat bland foods; avoid spicy, fried, and greasy foods • Avoid intense exercise immediately after eating • Don’t lay down right away after eating • Wear loose fitting clothing for comfort • Avoid strong odors. Consider getting fresh air and try deep breathing. Let your care team know if you have nausea or vomiting. Your care team may prescribe medication to help with the symptoms. Hair loss (alopecia) • Hair will likely grow back after treatment is completed, although the color and/or texture may be different. • Some people choose to wear scarves, caps, or wigs. A short haircut prior to treatment may help with stress of hair loss. • Partial or complete hair loss is likely, usually 1-2 weeks after start of therapy. This hair loss can be all body hair. • It may take 3 to 6 months after therapy is completed to resume normal hair growth. • Be sure to keep your head covered to protect it from the sun during the summer and cold during the winter. • If not covering your scalp during the summer months, be sure to use sunscreen when spending time outdoors. Diarrhea (loose and/ or urgent bowel movements) Monitor how many bowel movements you have each day. • Drink 8-10 (8-ounce) glasses of water or fluid each day unless your care team has asked you to limit your fluid intake. • Eat small, frequent meals throughout the day rather than a few large meals. • Eat bland, low-fiber foods (such as bananas, applesauce, potatoes, chicken, rice, and toast). • Avoid high fiber foods, such as raw vegetables and fruits and whole grains. • Avoid foods that cause gas, such as broccoli and beans. • Avoid foods with lactose, such as yogurt and milk. • Avoid spicy, fried, and greasy foods. Contact your care team if: • The number of bowel movements you have in a day increases by 4 or more • You feel dizzy or lightheaded Talk with your care team if you believe you have diarrhea. They may recommend an over-thecounter medication or prescribe something to help keep it under control. Continued on the next page Page 6 ESHAP INTRAVENOUS CANCER TREATMENT EDUCATION Possible Side Effect Management Constipation Keep track of how many bowel movements you have each day. • Drink 8-10 (8-ounce) glasses of water or fluid each day unless your care team has asked you to limit your fluid intake. • Stay active and exercise, if possible. • Eat foods high in fiber like raw fruits and vegetables. Contact your care team if you have not had a bowel movement in 3 or more days. Your care team may recommend over-the-counter medications to help with constipation. A daily stool softener such as docusate (Colace®) and/or laxative such as senna (Senakot®) may be helpful. If these do not help within 48 hours, tell your care team. Taste changes Some people may have a metallic or bitter taste in their mouth. To help with taste changes: • Choose and prepare foods that look and smell good to you. • Use plastic spoons, forks, or knives if food tastes like metal. • Flavor foods with spices or juices to change taste. • Suck on mints or chew gum to mask taste. • Brush teeth before and after eating with a soft bristle toothbrush. • Avoid smoking. Notify your doctor if you are having trouble eating or are losing weight. Numbness or tingling in hands and feet Report changes in your sense of touch, such as a burning feeling, pain on the skin or weakness. Changes in kidney function Your kidney function will be checked regularly by a simple blood test. Contact your care team if you notice any of the following. • Decreased amount of urination • Unusual swelling in your legs and feet Continued on the next page Page 7 ESHAP INTRAVENOUS CANCER TREATMENT EDUCATION Possible Side Effect Management Low electrolytes in your bloodstream (magnesium, potassium, calcium) • Low magnesium levels • Low potassium levels • Low calcium Changes in some lab values may occur and will be monitored by a simple blood test. • You may not feel any symptoms if the changes are mild and they usually are not a sign of a serious problem. • More severe changes may occur, which can be a sign of a serious problem. Notify your care team if you have any of the following: • Shortness of breath • Chest discomfort • Weakness or fatigue • New aches and pains • Headaches • Dizziness • Swelling of your legs or feet • Red or brown colored urine Rare but serious side effects Tell your care provider if you experience any symptoms of these problems: o Central neurotoxicity: Cytarabine can cause changes to your balance, confusion, dizziness, or headache. Your care team will monitor you regularly throughout treatment. Inpatient treatment only. o Conjunctivitis: Cytarabine may cause eye pain, blurred vision, tearing, and light sensitivity. You may receive eye treatments to prevent this side effect from occurring. o Vesicant extravasation: Cisplatin is a vesicant at higher concentrations. If it leaks outside of the IV, it can cause severe damage to your skin. Notify your nurse right away if you feel any pain, aching, burning, itching, swelling, or redness at the site of your IV. o Ototoxicity: Cisplatin may be harmful to your sense of hearing. Inform your care team if you have any ringing in the ears, hearing loss, or any other change in hearing. o Secondary Malignancy: A secondary cancer can rarely occur months or years after treatment with etoposide and cisplatin. Your care team will check your blood cell counts even after treatment is done to monitor for this side effect. o Cytarabine syndrome: this regimen may cause cytarabine syndrome, a rare condition of several symptoms that appear after receiving cytarabine. Tell your care team if you develop any fever, muscle pain, bone pain, chest pain, eye pain, or rash after your treatment. o Tumor lysis syndrome: this regimen may cause tumor lysis syndrome, a rapid destruction of cancer cells that can cause organ dysfunction, when starting treatment. Your care team may do blood tests to check for this side effect. o Hypersensitivity Reactions: Severe allergic reactions are a rare but serious side effect of this regimen. Seek medical attention right away if you notice difficulty breathing, swelling of the mouth or tongue, or a serious rash. If you experience ANY new, worsening, or uncontrolled side effects, call your care team immediately. Page 8 ESHAP INTRAVENOUS CANCER TREATMENT EDUCATION Handling body fluids and waste Some of the drugs you receive may be present in urine, stool, sweat, or vomit for many days after treatment. Many cancer drugs are toxic, your bodily waste may also be toxic and can be dangerous to come into contact with. Once you have started ESHAP, follow the instructions below for at least two days after your treatment. This is to keep you, your loved ones, and the environment as safe as possible. o Pregnant women should avoid touching anything that may be soiled with body fluids from the patient. o Toilet and septic systems • You may use the same toilet, septic tank, and/or sewer that you usually use. If you have a low-flow toilet, close the lid and flush twice to ensure that all waste has been discarded. o If the toilet or toilet seat becomes soiled with urine, stool, or vomit, clean the surface after every use before other people use the toliet. o Wash hands with soap and water after using the toilet for at least 20 seconds. o If you need a bedpan, be sure your caregiver knows to wear gloves to assist with cleanup and to wash the bedpan with soap and water every day. o If you do not have good control of bladder or bowels, use a disposable pad with a plastic back, a diaper, or a sheet to absorb body waste. o Wash any skin that has been exposed to body waste with soap and water. o Linens or clothing that are soiled with body fluids or body waste should be washed separately from other linens and clothing. If you do not have a washer, place the soiled linens in a plastic bag until they can be washed. o Wash hands with soap and water after touching linens or clothing that may be soiled with body fluids. Intimacy, sexual activity, contraception, and fertility This treatment may cause changes that can affect intimacy and sexuality, including desire and body image. Maintaining physical closeness and/or intimacy with loved ones can be continued during treatment. Holding hands, hugging, and kissing can be done safely. It is recommended that you talk to your care team about any restrictions or questions you may have. Some treatments can influence the ability to have children, also known as fertility. If you’re interested in preserving fertility, talk to your care team before treatment. Ask your healthcare provider to determine when it is safe to become pregnant after your treatment. Patients of reproductive ability should not become pregnant or get their partners pregnant while receiving ESHAP. Some of the drugs you receive may be present in semen and vaginal secretion for many days after treatment. You should use barrier devices, such as condoms, during sexual activity to limit exposure to body fluids. o Talk to your care team about birth control. Not all options may be right for your treatment or cancer. Effective contraception could include one or more of the following: barrier methods (e.g. condoms), hormone methods (e.g. birth control pills), or surgery. o Tell your care team if you become pregnant or plan to breastfeed. Page 9 ESHAP INTRAVENOUS CANCER TREATMENT EDUCATION Important notice: The Association of Community Cancer Centers (ACCC), Hematology/Oncology Pharmacy Association (HOPA), National Community Oncology Dispensing Association, Inc. (NCODA), and Oncology Nursing Society (ONS) have collaborated in gathering information for and developing this patient education guide. This guide represents a brief summary of the therapy derived from information provided by the drug manufacturer and other resources. This guide does not cover all existing information related to the possible uses, directions, doses, precautions, warnings, interactions, adverse effects, or risks associated with this therapy and should not substitute for the advice of a qualified healthcare professional. Provision of this guide is for informational purposes only and does not constitute or imply endorsement, recommendation, or favoring of this therapy by ACCC, HOPA, NCODA, or ONS, who assume no liability for and cannot ensure the accuracy of the information presented. The collaborators are not making any representations with respect to the medications whatsoever, and any and all decisions, with respect to such medications, are at the sole risk of the individual receiving therapy. All decisions related to receiving this therapy should be made with the guidance and under the direction of a qualified healthcare professional. Permission: Intravenous Cancer Treatment Education (IVE) sheets are provided as a free educational resource for patients with cancer in need of concise, easy-to-understand information about intravenous cancer therapy. Healthcare providers are permitted to copy and distribute the sheets to patients as well as direct patients to the OCE website for information. However, commercial reproduction or reuse, as well as rebranding or reposting of any type, are strictly prohibited without permission of the copyright holder. Please email permission requests and licensing inquiries to This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.. Copyright © 2021 by NCODA. All rights reserved. Additional resources Product website Etoposide: https://www.drugs.com/mtm/etoposide.html Methylprednisolone: https://www.drugs.com/methylprednisolone.html Cytarabine: https://www.drugs.com/mtm/cytarabine.html Cisplatin: https://www.drugs.com/pro/cisplatin.html Prescribing information link Etoposide: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/020457s016lbl.pdf Methylprednisolone: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2018/011153s075lbl.pdf Cytarabine: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2020/071868s032lbl.pdf Cisplatin: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2019/018057s089lbl.pdf Additional instructions Updated – May 18, 2022